Radiation exposure is a constant in daily life, but nuclear or radiological incidents can pose significant danger to people and the environment. Misconceptions about the threats of harm exist among the public. Medical professionals, especially pediatricians, must be well-informed on managing radiological injuries to provide proper care, alleviate public fear, and prevent chaos. Such incidents can range in scale from small to large, causing damage locally and far-reaching due to radioactive particle distribution. Detection of radiation contamination is crucial for assessing and addressing exposure. Immediate life-saving procedures take precedence over decontamination efforts. Prevention, management, and medical treatment strategies are essential to mitigate the effects of radiation exposure. Children may face unique challenges post-event, requiring specialized care and attention.